Pump reference

Pump reference

Technical specifications, head and flow curve, power, power consumption, body material, degree of protection and application

The pump provides the necessary energy for the formation of water flow. The height of the fountain, the volume of water output, the uniformity of the display and the speed of changing modes, all depend on the performance of the pump set, transmission network and nozzle. Choosing the right pump, in addition to the visual quality of the fountain, affects energy consumption, facility dimensions, and maintenance costs.

This chapter is a reference for identifying and comparing pumps and adjusting their purchase specifications. GSO product information is provided alongside examples from international manufacturers so that the reader can make connections between "product name", "declared specifications" and "project performance requirements".

Note about product information: The numerical specifications of this chapter are extracted from the general product introduction pages. Discrepancies or lack of information are identified and must be reconciled with the approved technical sheet of the same model before final printing of the product tables and use in the purchase order.

59–1. What information should the technical certificate of the pump have?

A pump cannot be defined only by motor power or output diameter. The birth certificate that can be used in design and purchase must include at least the following information:

In an equipment reference, the phrase "information not provided" is more useful than an estimated number; Because it prevents the conversion of design assumption into definitive product specifications.

59–2. Pump families in the GSO fountain portfolio

In the structure of GSO urban products, different groups of submersible and control pumps have been introduced; including 24V pumps, VFD-24VDC-DMX control family and SRT and SP series. SA, RSS, CSS and 1PH groups are also seen in the product list. The name of the family alone does not determine the technical characteristics of all its models. Source: GSO urban fountain products ^[386]

To use these families in the reference book, two levels of information must be separated from each other:

• Introducing the family: application type, installation method and overall control structure.

• Sheet of each model: numerical values, performance curve, connections and limitations of the same product.

For example, the title "pump steel" is not enough to determine corrosion resistance; As the title "control pump" does not specify the number of command channels or its response time.

59–3. GSO 24V Small Pumps Reference

The following three models have specification tables on the GSO product pages. The values ​​in this table are the report of information published on the site.

Table sources: DC5500 ^[387], DC8000 ^[388], DC12000 ^[389].

Three points are necessary in the interpretation of this table:

First, the name of these products starts with DC, but the specification table introduces the power supply as 24 AC. Therefore, the type of power supply must be determined by the license plate and technical sheet of the delivered model; It is not possible to conclude the type of power supply from the product name.

Second, for DC8000 in the introduction text, the flow rate is written as 8 cubic meters per hour, while the technical table shows the value of 7.8. The value of the table is quoted in this chapter, but the discrepancy should be resolved in the final version of the product identification document. Source: DC8000 page

Third, maximum head and maximum flow are not the same operating point. For example, inserting a head of 6.5 meters and a flow rate of 12 cubic meters per hour does not mean providing these two values ​​at the same time.

Applicable applications: single nozzles and small assemblies, subject to matching the pump curve with nozzle requirements and path drop. Determining the actual height of the fountain is not possible without knowing the nozzle and working point.

Figure note from the source manuscript

59-1 picture place

Actual photo of three models next to each other, along with a legible image of the license plate and the connection view. Write the product model and code under each image.

59–4. GSO Control Pumps Reference

The following family is introduced on the GSO website for independent water flow control with 24V power supply and DMX/RDM connection:

Source: GSO variable speed pumps ^[390]

The numbers in the name of these models should not be considered equivalent to flow rate, power or launch height without a technical sheet.

To complete the reference of this family, the following information must be recorded for each model:

This information is especially important for the musical fountain. Two pumps may produce the same elevation at steady state, but differ in the rate of elevation change and the repeatability of the display.

The presence of the word VFD in the brand name is also not a license to connect a common AC motor drive to that product; The power and control circuit must be selected according to the instructions of the same model.

59–5. SRT family reference

GSO has introduced the SRT family as a submersible pump suitable for fountains. Examples of included models are:

Source: SRT family at GSO ^[391]

This family can be checked to supply the flow of nozzles or groups of fountains, but the model name numbers should not replace the performance table. The order of power, head or flow rate in the naming must be confirmed by the supplier.

In the final sheet of each SRT model, in addition to the usual specifications, it is necessary to specify the allowed number of startups, remote control method, minimum water level and cooling conditions. A general claim about the suitability of a family for a musical show does not take the place of a test of the selected model answer.

59–6. SP family reference and equipped sets for fountains

According to GSO's introduction, SP family pumps are sourced from Grundfos products and are provided with the necessary fountain equipment and accessories. Some listed models are:

Source: SP pumps in GSO ^[392]

Three independent identities must be recorded in the birth certificate of such a set:

1. The model and code of the main pump; 2. Engine model and specifications; 3. Added equipment for installation in the fountain.

Engine cooling in the pond

Installing a well pump in an open pond changes the flow conditions around the engine. Grundfos explains that the cooling sheath passes water over the surface of the motor, and in open water installations, the absence of a well wall can necessitate the use of this sheath. Source: Grundfos cooling sheath guide ^[393]

Therefore, "immersion" alone is not an indication of adequate cooling. Installation direction, mechanical support, water passage and motor requirements should be specified in the assembly drawing.

Figure note from the source manuscript

59-2 picture place

Actual image of ready-to-install SP package, marked with pump, motor, cooling jacket, legs, cable and outlet connection. Dimensions should be extracted from the approved construction plan.

59–7. International reference model: OASE Varionaut 150

To see how to present the specifications of a demonstration pump, the model Varionaut 150 /DMX/02 from OASE can be examined.

To combine this pump with the Comet 10-12 nozzle, the manufacturer has announced to reach a height of about 3.5 meters in one second. This number is related to the introduced composition and conditions and cannot be generalized to any nozzle. Source: OASE Varionaut 150 official page ^[394]

This example shows that in the introduction of the demonstration pump, recording the response time and nozzle combination is as important as the head and flow rate. Comparisons with other products should be made at a common operating point and test conditions.

59–8. International reference example: Crystal Fountains

The Submersible DMX Pump 70 Basin model from Crystal Fountains is introduced as a pump and installation chamber set.

This product is introduced to work with manufacturer's nozzles. On the general page, the head and discharge curves are not presented as a downloadable table; Therefore, the number "70" in its name should not be used as a basis for assigning a hydraulic capacity. Source: Crystal Fountains official page ^[395]

The difference between this supply method and the independent pump is the importance of coordinating the pump, housing, nozzle and service access. In projects with a large number of duplicate units, the specification of the complete set should be reviewed.

59–9. head and flow chart; The main part of the pump reference

The curve of head and flow rate shows what head the pump creates against each flow rate in certain conditions. In the complete technical file, the required power, efficiency and NPSH curves are also provided, according to the type of product. Source: characteristic curve in reference KSB ^[396]

The chart used in the book should include the following:

• Exact pump model and curve version;

• Flow axis unit and head axis;

• test cycle or frequency;

• propeller diameter or number of floors, if applicable;

• Authorized scope of work;

• The required point of the project;

• Water conditions and test.

Why two maximum numbers are not enough?

A pump that has a maximum head of 6 meters and a maximum flow rate of 10 cubic meters per hour does not necessarily produce a head of 3 meters at a flow rate of 5 cubic meters per hour. The shape of the curve should be obtained from the manufacturer's document or a valid test; Connecting the two maximum values ​​with a straight line is not the actual pump curve.

Duty / Operating Point

The actual operating point is obtained from the intersection of the pump curve and the system demand curve. A change in pump speed, valve position, or path drop can move this point. Source: work point in reference KSB ^[397]

On the reviewed GSO Small Pumps pages, there was a link to the diagram, but the reviewable image was not retrieved. Therefore, no curve or intermediate value is assigned to these products in this chapter.

[Chart 59-3]

Insert the main curve of each model from the technical archive. The design point and the permissible operating range should be marked with a separate color. Charts without models, units or test conditions should not be used in the final reference.

59–10. Calculation example for reading the selection sheet

Suppose a fountain group, in the design situation, needs a flow rate of 18 cubic meters per hour and a total head of 12 meters. This example is educational and is not attributed to any of the featured products.

Conversion rate:

$Q=\frac{18}{3600}=0.005m^3/s$

Hydraulic power transferred to water:

$P_h=\rho gQH$

Assuming the density of water is 1000 kg/m3:

$P_h=1000\times 9.81\times 0.005\times 12=588.6W$

If the total efficiency from the electricity meter to the water at the same point is 45%:

$P_e=\frac{588.6}{0.45}=1308W\approx 1.31kW$

The relationship between hydraulic power and efficiency is the basis of this calculation; The assumed yield should be replaced by valid data in the actual selection. Source: Power and efficiency relations in KSB ^[398]

The number 1.31 kW is the power calculated for the example conditions; Determining the nominal power of the engine requires checking the power axis within the permissible range of performance and engine specifications.

59–11. The difference in engine power and electricity consumption

In the technical certificate, it is not enough to use a column with the ambiguous title "ability".

In many documents, P1 is used for the electrical input power and P2 for the mechanical output of the motor; However, the definition of symbols in the same document should be checked. Also, the efficiency of the pump is not the same as the efficiency of the pump and motor assembly. Source: Definition of efficiency in KSB ^[399]

To calculate energy:

$E=\sum P_i{t}_i$

If the actual average power of the previous example set is 1.31 kW and the daily working time is 8 hours:

$E_{day}=1.31\times 8=10.48kWh$

In the musical fountain, the average power must be extracted from the display or measurement program. Multiplying the maximum power by the total working hours does not necessarily reflect the actual consumption.

For the economic comparison of two pumps, both must provide the same flow rate and head; Lower consumption along with lower output alone is not a sign of higher efficiency.

59–12. Body material and components in contact with water

The material of the body is one of the main characteristics of the product, but the durability of the set depends on other components as well.

In this reference, ABS for the small GSO models, a combination of plastic and 304 for the OASE sample, and a combination of plastic and 316 for the Crystal sample are listed according to the product pages. These names alone do not authorize use in any water quality.

In the purchase form, the water quality of the project, the materials used in purification and the washing method should be specified and the compatibility of the set with those conditions should be confirmed.

59–13. Degree of protection and installation conditions

The IP should be read in conjunction with the stated conditions for the same product. For example, in the GSO table, a depth of 0 to 1 meter is included, while the OASE sample is introduced with a maximum depth of 4 meters. The same IP68 title does not mean the same installation conditions of these products. GSO specification, OASE specification

The installation tab should turn on the following:

• Minimum water level required for work;

• Maximum allowed depth;

• The direction and method of controlling the pump;

• space required for suction and cooling;

• Cable installation conditions and connections;

• The possibility or prohibition of working in dry installation.

"Permitted dry installation" does not mean operation without water in the hydraulic path. Also, the permissibility of use in places where people come in contact with water should be checked for the installed set and its electrical design; This result cannot be obtained from voltage or IP rating alone.

59–14. Remote control and dramatic behavior

For a demonstration pump, the rev range is only part of the required information. The product reference should also specify the minimum stable height, response time, repeatability, and behavior in command interruption.

Changing the RPM changes the pump curve. Similarity laws can be used for initial estimation in certain conditions, but the actual power and final operating point are also dependent on the efficiency and curve of the system. Source: remote control in KSB ^[400]

In the display command table, the percent rudder should not be taken without calibration as the percent height equivalent. For each pump and nozzle combination, the following table can be completed in the test:

This table should be recorded along with the nozzle model, water level and piping arrangement.

59–15. Matching the type of application with the required information

The following table is a review guide; The final choice of each model will depend on the curve and project conditions.

59–16. Standard form for pump registration and order

For each pump selected in the project, prepare an independent sheet with the following structure:

The term "similar pump" in the order must be accompanied by clear criteria. In addition to providing the work point, the acceptable alternative must also be compatible with the project's needs in terms of control, installation dimensions, materials, electricity and services.

59–17. Suggested images and documents for page layout

Product and installation photos are selected from the company's actual archive. To explain the principles, a dedicated schematic image can be prepared; But the performance curve, construction dimensions and connection details should be taken from the approved technical documents.

PRINT COMPLETION NOTE: Before finalizing the product reference pages, the power supply type of the DC models, the DC8000 flow differential, and the main curves of the GSO products must be assigned. The numerical specifications of the control, SRT and SP series should also be completed with the exact code of the pump, motor and delivered equipment so that each row of this chapter can be referenced in design and purchase.